1 - Southland Native Plants for Forest & Wetland Restoration

This set of fact sheets about native plants in Southland have been designed in partnership between Environment Southland and the Southland Community Nursery. They aim to educate and inform people providing a practical guide for planting native plants in Southland.

 

This first sheet provides a general overview, with the other fact sheets focusing on wetland and streamside planting, native forest restoration, native shelterbelts and special Southland plants.

 

The plants listed in the Southland native plant factsheets are those found to be most tolerant of Southland climatic conditions, the fastest growing species and the species which thrive on neglect. With the best will in the world, people are busy and do not attend to the maintenance of their plantings as often as is desirable.

 

Southland Wetland and
Streamside Native Planting

 

 

Southland Native Shelterbelt Planting

 

Southland Native
Forest Restoration

 

 

Special Southland Plants

 

 

Why Eco-Source?

Eco-sourcing means sourcing plants from your local area. Plants sourced and grown from the local area are better adapted to conditions there, are more likely to survive and will help to preserve the distinctiveness of plants from the region.

 

As a general principle select plants from seeds collected as close as possible to where you want to plant. As a minimum standard use seeds or plants from within the region e.g. Southland region. Eco-sourcing acts to maintain and restore local biodiversity.


(source: Department of Conservation, 2004)

 

 


General Principles for Planting
  • Get to know your site - observe how wet or dry it becomes in different seasons
  • Prepare a planting plan well before you intend to plant (give time to grow the plants or order well in advance)
  • Planting times are usually autumn (hardy plants) when the ground is moist, or spring (frost tender plants)
  • Permanently fence off the planting site from stock
  • Prepare the site well in advance - remove weeds, clear all vegetation including grass
  • Set out plants in accordance with planting profiles or plans
  • Planting - dig a hole larger than the root ball, plant with roots well covered, use weed mat or mulch around the plant, protect from rabbits
  • Application of slow release fertiliser is beneficial but not essential
  • Maintenance - weeding is essential to avoid competition and plant stress
Southland Community Nursery in Otatara is a voluntary community project where you can pot up your own native plants from locally sourced seedlings for free. Advice is available on native plants and landscaping. Contact Chris and Brian Rance (03) 2131161. The Southland Community Nursery web site is http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~rances/

 

For free advice on planning and designing your forest restoration programme or about Southland Landcare Groups contact Land Sustainability staff at Environment Southland (03) 211-5115

 

Plant Tolerances Table

 

Botanical name
Maori Name Common Name
Plant
Type
Wet Moist Dry Sun Shade Frost Food Type
Aristotelia serrata makomako wineberry
shrub
I T ½ ½ ½ 2 F, B, I
Carex secta purei sedge
grass
T ½ I T I 1 F
Carex virgata purei sedge
grass
T ½ I T I 1 F
Chionochloa rubra   red tussock
grass
T T ½ T I 1  
Coprosma propinqua mikimiki; mingmingi  
shrub
T T T T I 1 F, I
Cordyline australis ti kouka; ti cabbage tree
tree
T T T T I 1 F, I
Corokia cotoneaster    
shrub
I I T T ½ 1 F
Cortaderia richardii toetoe toetoe grass
grass
T T T T I 1  
Fuchsia excorticata kotukutuku fuchsia; tree fuchsia
tree
I T I ½ T 2 F, N, B, I
Griselinia littoralis papauma; kapuka broadleaf
tree
I T T T T 1 F, N, B, I
Gunnera hamiltonii    
herbaceous
I T T T ½ 1 F
Hebe elliptica koromuka  
shrub
I T ½ T ½ 2  
Hebe salicifolia koromiko  
shrub
I T ½ T ½ 2 I
Leptospermum scoparium manuka tea tree
tree
T T T T I 1 N, I
*Olearia arborescens    
shrub
I T T T I 1  
Phormium tenax harakeke NZ flax
herbaceous
T T ½ T I 1 N
Pittosporum eugenioides tarata lemonwood
tree
I T T T ½ 1 F, I
Pittosporum tenuifolium kohuhu; matipo black matipo; mapou
tree
I T T T ½ 1 F, B, I
Plagianthus regius manatu lowland ribbonwood; ribbonwood
tree
½ T T T I 1 F, B, I
Podocarpus hallii totara thin-barked totara; Hall's totara
tree
I T T T ½ 1 F, B, I
Pseudopanax crassifolius horoeka lancewood
tree
½ T T T T 1 F, N, I
Sophora microphylla kowhai South Island Kowhai
tree
I ½ T T ½ 1 F, N, I

* Note there are a number of different Olearia species that are useful to use in native plantings

I = Intolerant          T= Tolerant          ½ = Some Tolerance

1 = Frost Hardy     2 = Semi-frost Hardy

F = Fruit/Seeds      N = Nectar           B = Buds/foliage    I = Insects


Southland Community Nursery in Otatara is a voluntary community project where you can pot up your own native plants from locally sourced seedlings for free. Advice is available on native plants and landscaping. Contact Chris and Brian Rance (03) 2131161. The Southland Community Nursery web site is http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~rances/

 

For free advice on planning and designing your forest restoration programme or about Southland Landcare Groups contact Land Sustainability staff at Environment Southland (03) 211-5115

Logo ES Logo

 

Illustrations of Southland Native Plants for Forest and Wetland Restoration

1. Wineberry ~ makomako
(Aristotelia serrata)

2. Mingimingi/mikimiki
(Coprosma propinqua)

     

3. Cabbage tree ~ ti kouka
(Cordyline australis)

 

4. Korokio (Corokia cotoneaster)

     

5. Tree fuchsia ~ kotukutuku
(Fuchsia exorticata)

 

6. Broadleaf ~ kapuka/papauma

(Griselina littoralis)

     
     
8. Koromika
(Hebe salicifolia)
7. Koromuka (Hebe elliptica)
 

 


Southland Community Nursery in Otatara is a voluntary community project where you can pot up your own native plants from locally sourced seedlings for free. Advice is available on native plants and landscaping. Contact Chris and Brian Rance (03) 2131161. The Southland Community Nursery web site is http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~rances/

 

For free advice on planning and designing your forest restoration programme or about Southland Landcare Groups contact Land Sustainability staff at Environment Southland (03) 211-5115

 

 
9. Tea tree ~ manuka
(Leptospermum scoparium)
 
10. Olearia arborescens
     

 

11. Lemonwood ~ tarata
(Pittosporum eugenioides)
 

12. Lowland ribbonwood ~ manatu

(Plagianthus regius)

     

13. Mapou ~ kohuhu
(Pittosporum tenuifolium)

 

14. South Island kowhai
(Sophora microphylla)

 

 

 

 

 


Southland Community Nursery in Otatara is a voluntary community project where you can pot up your own native plants from locally sourced seedlings for free. Advice is available on native plants and landscaping. Contact Chris and Brian Rance (03) 2131161. The Southland Community Nursery web site is http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~rances/

 

For free advice on planning and designing your forest restoration programme or about Southland Landcare Groups contact Land Sustainability staff at Environment Southland (03) 211-5115

 

15. Hall's totara
(Podocarpus hallii)

 

16. Lancewood ~ horoeka

(Pseudopanax crassifolius)

     

17. New Zealand flax ~ harakeke
(Phormium tenax)

 

18. Gunnera hamiltonii

     

19. Sedge ~ purei (Carex secta)

 

20. Sedge ~ purei (Carex virgata)

     

21. Red tussock
(Chionochloa rubra)

 

22. Toetoe grass
(Cortaderia richardii)

 

 

 

 

 

 


Southland Community Nursery in Otatara is a voluntary community project where you can pot up your own native plants from locally sourced seedlings for free. Advice is available on native plants and landscaping. Contact Chris and Brian Rance (03) 2131161. The Southland Community Nursery web site is http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~rances/

 

For free advice on planning and designing your forest restoration programme or about Southland Landcare Groups contact Land Sustainability staff at Environment Southland (03) 211-5115

 

References for Pictures

References

  • Department of Conservation, Nelson-Malborough Conservancy and Nelson City Council (2003) Living Heritage: Growing Native Plants in Nelson.
  • Hovell Environmental Planning (2003) Wetlands of Southland: A Guide for Maintaining and Enhancing the Values of our Wetland Areas.
  • Invercargill City Council (2001) Otatara – Bushy Point Bushcare: A Guide to Enhancing Your Bush.
  • Porteous, T. (1993) Native Forest Restoration: A practical guide for landowners. Wellington: Queen Elizabeth the Second National Trust.
  • Wilson, H.D. (1982) Field Guide: Stewart Island Plants. Christchurch: Field Guide Publications.

Southland Community Nursery in Otatara is a voluntary community project where you can pot up your own native plants from locally sourced seedlings for free. Advice is available on native plants and landscaping. Contact Chris and Brian Rance (03) 2131161. The Southland Community Nursery web site is http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~rances/

 

For free advice on planning and designing your forest restoration programme or about Southland Landcare Groups contact Land Sustainability staff at Environment Southland (03) 211-5115